DENTAL GROSS ANATOMY: Answers to Sample Questions

WEEK 12 -- November 26, 2007

1. The thoracic duct:
   • A. empties into the superior vena cava.
   • B. is formed by the junction of the right and left lymphatic ducts.
   • C. receives lymphatic drainage from the lower extremities.
   • D. is located in the middle mediastinum.
   • E. contains venous blood.
   
   
2. Which of the following nerves do NOT provide innervation to the anterior abdominal wall?
   • A. intercostal nerves T7 and T8
   • B. subcostal nerve (T12)
   • C. iliohypograstic nerve
   • D. intercostal nerves T9, T10 and T11
   • E. genitofemoral nerve
   
   
3. The remnant of the fetal connection between the pulmonary trunk and the arch of the aorta is the:
   • A. ligamentum arteriosum.
   • B. ligamentum teres.
   • C. falciform ligament.
   • D. fossa ovalis
   • E. inguinal ligament
   
   
4. The azygos vein:
   • A. is usually located to the left of the thoracic aorta.
   • B. empties into the superior vena cava.
   • C. is formed by the union of the musculophrenic and subcostal veins on the right.
   • D. receives lymph from the right lymphatic duct.
   • E. is a paired vein.
   
   

1. Liver (right lobe)
2. Carina of the trachea
3. Diaphragm and peritoneal space (cavity)
4. Stomach

The acute abdominal distension, loud bowel sounds and green (bile) vomit indicates a bowel obstruction. The inguinal swelling extending from the deep to the superficial inguinal rings is characteristic of an inguinal hernia. The fact that the skin over the swelling is warm and tender suggests that there is inflammation of the hernia. The inflammation is likely the cause of the acute bowel obstruction and indicates strangulation (loss of blood supply) of the herniated intestine. This is a surgical emergency. If this is not corrected quickly the herniated intestine will likely necrose (pathological death).