Case: A three-week-old male infant is brought to his pediatrician because of repeated episodes of vomiting which occur shortly after feedings. The parents comment on the forceful, projectile nature of the vomiting. Upon physical examination, the doctor notes a hard mass in the epigastric region, slightly to the right of center at the level of the lower border of vertebra L1. The baby's color is good and he is breathing normally; however he is irritable and roots (searches) vigorously for the doctor's finger.

Basing her diagnosis on the history and physical, the physician suspects a case of:

A. esophageal atresia

B. tracheoesophageal fistula

C. ruptured appendix

D. milk allergy

E. hypertrophic pyloric stenosis

Sample exam questions:

1. A fifty-year-old man complains to his physician that occasionally drops of what appears to be urine leak from his navel. The man is likely to be suffering from:

A. Meckel's diverticulum

B. umbilical hernia

C. patent urachus

D. patent ligamentum teres

E. complications of vasectomy

2. Match the general descriptive term on the left with a specific structure from the right:

ventral mesogastrium......D. lesser omentum

retroperitoneal.....C. descending colon

dorsal mesentary......A. greater omentum

midgut structure......B. jejunoileum